Master Planning allows a client to prepare for physical growth. This is extremely important when related to the mechanical and electrical systems. The primary goal of a master plan is to understand your needs such as future cooling, heating, electrical and plumbing loads not reflected by existing conditions and then to develop alternatives that provide for present needs while allowing for flexibility and growth. Typically, studies and reports are often the first phase of many types of projects or are needed when an engineering problem presents itself. Initially, an investigation into the problem starts the process, which leads to the development of alternative solutions, a definition of proposed scope and a project budget. Building evaluations are performed to understand what building systems and equipment exists today and to define problems and shortcomings. Data is obtained regarding operating and maintenance of existing equipment, its condition, life expectancy and ability to meet future needs. The conceptual analysis will present numerous options for the repair, retrofit or replacement of mechanical and electrical systems. The options will consider such factors as physical plant limitations and anticipated utility costs. Sustainable design evaluates the environmental performance from a whole building perspective. The design of environmentally friendly mechanical and electrical systems should incorporate long-term energy efficient, cost effective solutions. Designing energy conserving mechanical and electrical systems ranges from selection of energy efficient fuel sources, in new construction or major renovations projects, to the selection and specification of energy efficient equipment and systems. Construction cost estimates for projects are performed at the concept level, the design development level and the final construction document level. This estimating is accomplished by the design team. Typically, outside estimators cannot perform as well as the design team for mechanical and electrical renovation projects at the concept level; this is the most important estimate since it usually establishes the project budget. As the project passes through design and drawings are developed, a measured estimate by outside estimators is possible. Energy analysis is appropriate for evaluating the efficiency of mechanical and electrical systems and in preparing energy budgets. The analysis can evaluate energy saving technologies such as central control and monitoring systems, gas cooling, energy efficient lighting systems and solar energy. In all analysis of this type, an accurate load profile for all types of energy consumed is crucial for the determination of an accurate energy budget.